鋼骨被覆材料在高溫作用下之孔隙變化研究

李俊德

[中文摘要]

本研究之目的，在利用小試體（15×15×6㎝）高溫延時試驗及單向小尺度（45×45×6㎝）耐火試驗，針對不同耐火被覆材料受高溫延時作用後其孔隙結構之變化情形進行探討，以了解與耐火性能之關係。實驗結果得知，含水率是隨著養護環境的條件改變而有所不同，當養護的相對濕度增加時，含水率亦會隨著增加；相對地停滯時間與耐火時效也隨著增加，故養護的相對濕度影響材料的含水率、停滯時間與耐火時效。材料在常溫、高溫下量測全孔隙率是隨著含水率、溫度的增加而增加，在耐火時效上，耐火被覆材料經由高溫作用後水分喪失而形成空隙，使得全孔隙率增加，因此耐火時效與停滯時間是隨著含水率、全孔隙率的增加而增加；另外閉孔孔隙率在常溫、高溫下呈現不規則且變異性較大的現象，可知閉孔於施做過程中隨機形成。而量測出的閉孔孔隙大小大都介於10μm∼100μm。所以在本研究中孔隙量測發現，隨著材料內部小孔隙、孔隙量增多，以致有較好的耐火時效，因此可說耐火時效與孔隙率成正效應的現象。

[英文摘要]

In this research ,the variation of porosity of different sprayed fire-resistive materials are studied to understand how the porosity affect the fire-resistive performance by using small sample (15×15×6 ㎝) exposed duration of high temperature tests and bench scale (45×45×6㎝) one dimension fire-resistive tests. Test results show that the curing relative humility affects water content, delay time and the fire rating of sprayed fire resistive materials. The total porosity increase following the increase of water content and temperature. In the duration of heating fire-resistive material would lose humility at high temperature and become more porous, so the total porosity increase, accordingly. Thus, the fire rating and delay time increase by the　 addition of water content and the total porosity. At normal temperature and high temperature, the close pore show irregular and much variable, which is formed at random during about 10μm~100μm. According to the porosity measurement, the more increased the small pore and pore volume exist in the　 interior of material, material has the longer fire rating. And hence, the fire-rating and the porosity have positive relation.