There is three types of dwellings I believe signify the three stages of
Hakka migration. It can be supported by the statistical
distribution of the different type of houses along the path of
migration.
When the first Hakkas moved to Fujian, they were the imperial court
officials. They could afford to build the very extravagant
houses
五鳳樓 (Phoenix
house) that were modeled against the imperial court. Unless the
inhabitants were authorized by the emperor, it is unlikely that they
could build the houses in this design with such
decor, without risking their lives for violation of the imperial
court.
In the mid stage, the Hakkas were losing their support and affiliation
with the imperial court. They had to compete with the
locals on equal (actually less equal) grounds. Failed to have the
blessings and protection of the emperor (who was in trouble himself),
they were often attacked by the locals. The round houses土樓,圓屋 were
built as a very defensive structure to fend off the locals.
In the final stage of migration, the Hakkas were more or less integrated
with the locals. There was less need for protection and
defense. To befriend with the locals, the
平房
were built as a symbol of openness. Piang Fongs also could appear early
as the dwellings for the lower class (servants, lower rank officials)
who accompanied the nobilities in the southward migration.
There is some indication as we learn that the phoenix houses were
abundant in early Hakka settlements in Fujian. The
Round houses were common in upper(eastern) Pearl River of Guangdong,
while near the Pearl delta, mostly we see Piang Fong. In my home village
in Dongguan, I have not seen
Phoenix house nor Round house.
Understanding the jury choice